HLA-DRB1 (GeneName), HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-10 beta chain (ProteinName), 2B1A_HUMAN.
Product Name:
Human HLA-DRB1/ HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-10 beta chain ELISA Kit
Cat.#:
-
Brand:
EIAab®
Regulatory Status:
Alternative:
DRw10, MHC class II antigen DRB1*10
Detection Method:
ELISA
Specificity:
Natural and recombinant human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-10 beta chain
Sample Type:
Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids
Sample Data:
Research Area:
-
- Data
- Citations
- Publication
- Sequence / 3D
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General Annotation
Sub Unit:
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit; also referred as MHC class II molecule. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) it forms a heterononamer; 3 MHC class II molecules bind to a CD74 homotrimer (also known as invariant chain or HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain). In the endosomal/lysosomal system; CD74 undergoes sequential degradation by various proteases; leaving a small fragment termed CLIP on each MHC class II molecule. MHC class II molecule interacts with HLA_DM, and HLA_DO in B-cells, in order to release CLIP and facilitate the binding of antigenic peptides.
Function:
Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route; where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules; and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments; exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides; autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs; other cells of the gastrointestinal tract; such as epithelial cells; express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs; which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen; three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs; CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases; including CTSS and CTSL; leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells; the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules; increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Golgi apparatus
Trans-Golgi network membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Endosome membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Lysosome membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
Late endosome membrane
Single-pass type I membrane protein
The MHC class II complex transits through a number of intracellular compartments in the endocytic pathway until it reaches the cell membrane for antigen presentation.
Valid Sequence:
This product has not yet been referenced specifically in any publications.
[2].
"Familial disease, the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope and anti-CCP antibodies influence time at appearance of substantial joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis."
[3].
"Association study of CCR5 delta 32 polymorphism among the HLA-DRB1 Caucasian population in Northern Paraná, Brazil."
[4].
"The association between the genetic polymorphism of HLA-DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1 and serum alanine aminotransferase levels in chronic hepatitis C in the Chinese population."
[5].
"Association of the HLA-DRB1 alleles with characteristic MRI features of Asian multiple sclerosis."
[6].
"Meta-analysis of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 polymorphisms in Latin American patients with systemic lupus erythematosus."
[7].
"[Expression and analysis of HLA-A, B and DRB1 genes in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in Guangdong area]."
[8].
"Role of HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 genes in susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Hungarian patients."
[10].
"Association of the HLA-DRB1 gene with premature death, particularly from cardiovascular disease, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory polyarthritis."
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